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FRC?","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch01-why-java-for-frc\u002F1.1-why-java-for-frc",{"path":9,"title":10,"stem":11},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch01-why-java-for-frc\u002F2-intro-to-algorithms-programming-and-compilers","Intro to Algorithms, Programming and Compilers","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch01-why-java-for-frc\u002F1.2-intro-to-algorithms-programming-and-compilers",{"path":13,"title":14,"stem":15},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F1-variables-and-data-types","Variables & Data Types","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F2.1-variables-and-data-types",{"path":17,"title":18,"stem":19},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F2-expressions-and-output","Expressions & 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Operators","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F2.5-compound-assignment-operators",{"path":33,"title":34,"stem":35},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F1-apis-and-libraries","APIs and Libraries","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F3.1-apis-and-libraries",{"path":37,"title":38,"stem":39},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F2-documentation-with-comments-and-preconditions","Documentation with Comments and Preconditions","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F3.2-documentation-with-comments-and-preconditions",{"path":41,"title":42,"stem":43},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F3-packages-and-imports","Packages & Imports","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F3.3-packages-and-imports",{"path":45,"title":46,"stem":47},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F1-methods-signatures-and-parameters","Methods, Signatures & Parameters","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4.1-methods-signatures-and-parameters",{"path":49,"title":50,"stem":51},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F2-calling-class-methods","Calling Class Methods","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4.2-calling-class-methods",{"path":53,"title":54,"stem":55},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F3-using-the-math-class","Using the Math Class","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4.3-using-the-math-class",{"path":57,"title":58,"stem":59},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4-objects-instances-of-classes","Objects — Instances of Classes","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4.4-objects-instances-of-classes",{"path":61,"title":62,"stem":63},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F5-creating-and-initializing-objects-constructors","Creating & Initializing Objects: Constructors","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4.5-creating-and-initializing-objects-constructors",{"path":65,"title":66,"stem":67},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F6-calling-instance-methods","Calling Instance Methods","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4.6-calling-instance-methods",{"path":69,"title":70,"stem":71},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F1-5.2-if-statements-and-for-loops","Control Structures: if Statements & For Loops","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.1-5.2-if-statements-and-for-loops",{"path":73,"title":74,"stem":75},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F10-nested-iteration","Nested Iteration","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.10-nested-iteration",{"path":77,"title":78,"stem":79},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F11-informal-runtime-analysis-of-loops","Informal Runtime Analysis of Loops","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.11-informal-runtime-analysis-of-loops",{"path":81,"title":82,"stem":83},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F12-switch-statements-and-expressions","switch Statements and Expressions","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.12-switch-statements-and-expressions",{"path":85,"title":86,"stem":87},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F3-algorithms-with-selection-and-repetition","Algorithms with Selection and Repetition","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.3-algorithms-with-selection-and-repetition",{"path":89,"title":90,"stem":91},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F4-boolean-expressions","Boolean Expressions","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.4-boolean-expressions",{"path":93,"title":94,"stem":95},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5-nested-if-statements","Nested if Statements","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.5-nested-if-statements",{"path":97,"title":98,"stem":99},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F6-compound-boolean-expressions","Compound Boolean Expressions","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.6-compound-boolean-expressions",{"path":101,"title":102,"stem":103},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F7-comparing-boolean-expressions-de-morgans-laws","Comparing Boolean Expressions (De Morgan's Laws)","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.7-comparing-boolean-expressions-de-morgans-laws",{"path":105,"title":106,"stem":107},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F8-while-loops","While Loops","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.8-while-loops",{"path":109,"title":110,"stem":111},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F9-implementing-selection-and-iteration-algorithms","Implementing Selection and Iteration Algorithms","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.9-implementing-selection-and-iteration-algorithms",{"path":113,"title":114,"stem":115},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch06-strings\u002F1-strings","Strings","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch06-strings\u002F6.1-strings",{"path":117,"title":118,"stem":119},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch06-strings\u002F2-string-algorithms","String Algorithms","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch06-strings\u002F6.2-string-algorithms",{"path":121,"title":122,"stem":123},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F1-anatomy-of-a-java-class","The Class Blueprint","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F7.1-anatomy-of-a-java-class",{"path":125,"title":126,"stem":127},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F2-methods-how-to-write-them","Methods: How to Write Them","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F7.2-methods-how-to-write-them",{"path":129,"title":130,"stem":131},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F3-methods-passing-and-returning-references-of-an-object","Methods: Passing & Returning References of an Object","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F7.3-methods-passing-and-returning-references-of-an-object",{"path":133,"title":134,"stem":135},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F4-class-static-variables-and-methods","Class (static) Variables & Methods","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F7.4-class-static-variables-and-methods",{"path":137,"title":138,"stem":139},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch08-constructors-and-this\u002F1-8.2-constructors-and-this","Constructors & \"this\"","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch08-constructors-and-this\u002F8.1-8.2-constructors-and-this",{"path":141,"title":142,"stem":143},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F1-array-creation-and-access","Array Creation and Access","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.1-array-creation-and-access",{"path":145,"title":146,"stem":147},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F2-arraylist-and-its-methods","ArrayList and its Methods","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.2-arraylist-and-its-methods",{"path":149,"title":150,"stem":151},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F3-optional-hashmap-dictionary-data-structure","HashMap (Dictionary) Data Structure","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.3-optional-hashmap-dictionary-data-structure",{"path":153,"title":154,"stem":155},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F4-array-traversals","Array Traversals","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.4-array-traversals",{"path":157,"title":158,"stem":159},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F5-implementing-array-algorithms","Implementing Array Algorithms","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.5-implementing-array-algorithms",{"path":161,"title":162,"stem":163},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F6-arraylist-traversals","ArrayList Traversals","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.6-arraylist-traversals",{"path":165,"title":166,"stem":167},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F7-implementing-arraylist-algorithms","Implementing ArrayList Algorithms","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.7-implementing-arraylist-algorithms",{"path":169,"title":170,"stem":171},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F8-using-text-files","Using Text Files","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.8-using-text-files",{"path":173,"title":174,"stem":175},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch10-2d-arrays\u002F1-2d-array-creation-and-access","2D Array Creation and Access","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch10-2d-arrays\u002F10.1-2d-array-creation-and-access",{"path":177,"title":178,"stem":179},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch10-2d-arrays\u002F2-2d-array-traversals-nested-loops","2D Array Traversals: Nested Loops","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch10-2d-arrays\u002F10.2-2d-array-traversals-nested-loops",{"path":181,"title":182,"stem":183},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch10-2d-arrays\u002F3-implementing-2d-array-algorithms","Implementing 2D Array Algorithms","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch10-2d-arrays\u002F10.3-implementing-2d-array-algorithms",{"path":185,"title":186,"stem":187},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch11-enums-named-choices\u002F11-enums-named-choices","Enums: Named Choices","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch11-enums-named-choices\u002F11-enums-named-choices",{"path":189,"title":190,"stem":191},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch12-exceptions-and-try-catch\u002F12-exceptions-and-try-catch","Exceptions & try\u002Fcatch","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch12-exceptions-and-try-catch\u002F12-exceptions-and-try-catch",{"path":193,"title":194,"stem":195},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch13-common-gotchas\u002F13-common-gotchas","Common Gotchas","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch13-common-gotchas\u002F13-common-gotchas",{"path":197,"title":198,"stem":199},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch14-why-design-patterns\u002F14-why-design-patterns","Why Design Patterns?","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch14-why-design-patterns\u002F14-why-design-patterns",{"path":201,"title":202,"stem":203},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch15-advanced-collections\u002F15-advanced-collections","Advanced Collections (Set\u002FQueue\u002FMap)","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch15-advanced-collections\u002F15-advanced-collections",{"path":205,"title":206,"stem":207},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch16-writing-your-own-generics\u002F16-writing-your-own-generics","Writing Your Own Generics","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch16-writing-your-own-generics\u002F16-writing-your-own-generics",{"path":209,"title":210,"stem":211},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch17-inheritance-and-abstractions\u002F1-inheritance-superclass-subclass","Inheritance, Superclass, Subclass","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch17-inheritance-and-abstractions\u002F17.1-inheritance-superclass-subclass",{"path":213,"title":214,"stem":215},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch17-inheritance-and-abstractions\u002F2-inheritance-and-constructors","Inheritance and Constructors","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch17-inheritance-and-abstractions\u002F17.2-inheritance-and-constructors",{"path":217,"title":218,"stem":219},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch17-inheritance-and-abstractions\u002F3-inheritance-hierarchies","Inheritance Hierarchies","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch17-inheritance-and-abstractions\u002F17.3-inheritance-hierarchies",{"path":221,"title":222,"stem":223},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch17-inheritance-and-abstractions\u002F4-object-superclass","Object Superclass","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch17-inheritance-and-abstractions\u002F17.4-object-superclass",{"path":225,"title":226,"stem":227},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch17-inheritance-and-abstractions\u002F5-abstract-classes-and-methods","Abstract Classes and Methods","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch17-inheritance-and-abstractions\u002F17.5-abstract-classes-and-methods",{"path":229,"title":230,"stem":231},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch18-polymorphism-many-forms\u002F1-overriding-methods","Overriding Methods","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch18-polymorphism-many-forms\u002F18.1-overriding-methods",{"path":233,"title":234,"stem":235},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch18-polymorphism-many-forms\u002F2-super-keyword","super Keyword","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch18-polymorphism-many-forms\u002F18.2-super-keyword",{"path":237,"title":238,"stem":239},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch18-polymorphism-many-forms\u002F3-polymorphism","Polymorphism","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch18-polymorphism-many-forms\u002F18.3-polymorphism",{"path":241,"title":242,"stem":243},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch19-interfaces-as-contracts\u002F19-interfaces-as-contracts","Interfaces as Contracts","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch19-interfaces-as-contracts\u002F19-interfaces-as-contracts",{"path":245,"title":246,"stem":247},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch19-interfaces-as-contracts\u002F1-lambdas-and-method-references","Lambdas & Method References","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch19-interfaces-as-contracts\u002F19.1-lambdas-and-method-references",{"path":249,"title":250,"stem":251},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch20-the-io-layer-pattern\u002F20-the-io-layer-pattern","The IO-Layer Pattern","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch20-the-io-layer-pattern\u002F20-the-io-layer-pattern",{"path":253,"title":254,"stem":255},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch21-static-factories\u002F21-static-factories","Static Factories","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch21-static-factories\u002F21-static-factories",{"path":257,"title":258,"stem":259},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch22-the-builder-pattern\u002F22-the-builder-pattern","The Builder Pattern","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch22-the-builder-pattern\u002F22-the-builder-pattern",{"path":261,"title":262,"stem":263},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch23-encapsulation-and-final\u002F1-scope-and-access","Access, final, and Immutability","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch23-encapsulation-and-final\u002F23.1-scope-and-access",{"path":265,"title":266,"stem":267},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch24-optional-avoiding-null-pointer-exceptions\u002F24-optional-avoiding-null-pointer-exceptions","Optional: Avoiding Null Pointer Exceptions","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch24-optional-avoiding-null-pointer-exceptions\u002F24-optional-avoiding-null-pointer-exceptions",{"path":269,"title":270,"stem":271},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F1-what-is-command-based-programming","What Is Command-Based Programming?","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F25.1-what-is-command-based-programming",{"path":273,"title":274,"stem":275},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F2-commands-and-command-compositions","Commands & Command Compositions","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F25.2-commands-and-command-compositions",{"path":277,"title":278,"stem":279},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F3-the-command-scheduler","The Command Scheduler","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F25.3-the-command-scheduler",{"path":281,"title":282,"stem":283},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F4-state-machines-logic","State Machines: Logic","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F25.4-state-machines-logic",{"path":285,"title":286,"stem":287},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F5-managing-transitions","Managing Transitions","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F25.5-managing-transitions",{"path":289,"title":290,"stem":291},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F6-binding-commands-to-triggers","Binding Commands to Triggers","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F25.6-binding-commands-to-triggers",{"path":293,"title":294,"stem":295},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F7-structuring-a-command-based-robot-project","Structuring a Command-Based Robot Project","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F25.7-structuring-a-command-based-robot-project",{"path":297,"title":298,"stem":299},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch26-architecture-takeaways\u002F26-architecture-takeaways","Architecture Takeaways","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch26-architecture-takeaways\u002F26-architecture-takeaways",{"path":301,"title":302,"stem":303},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch27-program-design-and-abstraction\u002F1-abstraction-and-program-design","Abstraction and Program Design","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch27-program-design-and-abstraction\u002F27.1-abstraction-and-program-design",{"path":305,"title":306,"stem":307},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch27-program-design-and-abstraction\u002F2-impact-of-program-design","Impact of Program Design","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch27-program-design-and-abstraction\u002F27.2-impact-of-program-design",{"path":309,"title":310,"stem":311},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch28-algorithms-searching-sorting-recursion\u002F1-searching-algorithms","Searching Algorithms","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch28-algorithms-searching-sorting-recursion\u002F28.1-searching-algorithms",{"path":313,"title":314,"stem":315},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch28-algorithms-searching-sorting-recursion\u002F2-sorting-algorithms","Sorting Algorithms","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch28-algorithms-searching-sorting-recursion\u002F28.2-sorting-algorithms",{"path":317,"title":318,"stem":319},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch28-algorithms-searching-sorting-recursion\u002F3-recursion","Recursion","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch28-algorithms-searching-sorting-recursion\u002F28.3-recursion",{"path":321,"title":322,"stem":323},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch28-algorithms-searching-sorting-recursion\u002F4-recursive-searching-and-sorting","Recursive Searching and Sorting","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch28-algorithms-searching-sorting-recursion\u002F28.4-recursive-searching-and-sorting",{"path":325,"title":326,"stem":327},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch29-git-and-github-basics\u002F1-coming-soon","Git & GitHub Basics — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch29-git-and-github-basics\u002F29.1-coming-soon",{"path":329,"title":330,"stem":331},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch30-git-history-and-merging\u002F1-coming-soon","Git — History & Merging — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch30-git-history-and-merging\u002F30.1-coming-soon",{"path":333,"title":334,"stem":335},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch31-dev-environment-and-tooling\u002F1-coming-soon","Dev Environment & Tooling — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch31-dev-environment-and-tooling\u002F31.1-coming-soon",{"path":337,"title":338,"stem":339},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch32-unit-testing\u002F1-coming-soon","Unit Testing — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch32-unit-testing\u002F32.1-coming-soon",{"path":341,"title":342,"stem":343},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch33-advantagekit-autologging\u002F1-coming-soon","AdvantageKit — AutoLogging — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch33-advantagekit-autologging\u002F33.1-coming-soon",{"path":345,"title":346,"stem":347},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch34-log-replay\u002F1-coming-soon","Log Replay — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch34-log-replay\u002F34.1-coming-soon",{"path":349,"title":350,"stem":351},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch35-advantagescope-i-visualization\u002F1-coming-soon","AdvantageScope I: Visualization — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch35-advantagescope-i-visualization\u002F35.1-coming-soon",{"path":353,"title":354,"stem":355},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch36-advantagescope-ii-custom-3d-assets\u002F1-coming-soon","AdvantageScope II: Custom 3D Assets — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch36-advantagescope-ii-custom-3d-assets\u002F36.1-coming-soon",{"path":357,"title":358,"stem":359},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch37-autonomous-i\u002F1-coming-soon","Autonomous I — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch37-autonomous-i\u002F37.1-coming-soon",{"path":361,"title":362,"stem":363},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch38-autonomous-ii-pathplanner-and-trajectories\u002F1-coming-soon","Autonomous II: PathPlanner & Trajectories — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch38-autonomous-ii-pathplanner-and-trajectories\u002F38.1-coming-soon",{"path":365,"title":366,"stem":367},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch39-control-fundamentals\u002F1-coming-soon","Control Fundamentals — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch39-control-fundamentals\u002F39.1-coming-soon",{"path":369,"title":370,"stem":371},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch40-motion-profiles\u002F1-coming-soon","Motion Profiles — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch40-motion-profiles\u002F40.1-coming-soon",{"path":373,"title":374,"stem":375},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch41-hardware-fundamentals\u002F1-coming-soon","Hardware Fundamentals — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch41-hardware-fundamentals\u002F41.1-coming-soon",{"path":377,"title":378,"stem":379},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch42-photonvision\u002F1-coming-soon","PhotonVision — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch42-photonvision\u002F42.1-coming-soon",{"path":381,"title":382,"stem":383},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch43-apriltags-and-pose\u002F1-coming-soon","AprilTags & Pose — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch43-apriltags-and-pose\u002F43.1-coming-soon",{"path":385,"title":386,"stem":387},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch44-subsystems-i\u002F1-coming-soon","Subsystems I — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch44-subsystems-i\u002F44.1-coming-soon",{"path":389,"title":390,"stem":391},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch45-subsystems-ii-advanced\u002F1-coming-soon","Subsystems II — Advanced — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch45-subsystems-ii-advanced\u002F45.1-coming-soon",{"path":393,"title":394,"stem":395},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch46-team-utilities-i\u002F1-coming-soon","Team Utilities I — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch46-team-utilities-i\u002F46.1-coming-soon",{"path":397,"title":398,"stem":399},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch47-field-constants\u002F1-coming-soon","Field Constants — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch47-field-constants\u002F47.1-coming-soon",{"path":401,"title":402,"stem":403},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch48-troubleshooting-i-runtime-debug\u002F1-coming-soon","Troubleshooting I — Runtime Debug — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch48-troubleshooting-i-runtime-debug\u002F48.1-coming-soon",{"path":405,"title":406,"stem":407},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch49-troubleshooting-ii-can-and-sim\u002F1-coming-soon","Troubleshooting II: CAN & Sim — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch49-troubleshooting-ii-can-and-sim\u002F49.1-coming-soon",{"path":409,"title":410,"stem":411},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch50-vendor-libraries-talonfx\u002F1-coming-soon","Vendor Libraries: TalonFX — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch50-vendor-libraries-talonfx\u002F50.1-coming-soon",{"path":413,"title":414,"stem":415},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch51-robot-alerts\u002F1-coming-soon","Robot Alerts — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch51-robot-alerts\u002F51.1-coming-soon",{"path":417,"title":418,"stem":419},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch52-wpilib-commands\u002F1-coming-soon","WPILib Commands — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch52-wpilib-commands\u002F52.1-coming-soon",{"path":421,"title":422,"stem":423},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch53-wpilib-geometry\u002F1-coming-soon","WPILib Geometry — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch53-wpilib-geometry\u002F53.1-coming-soon",{"path":425,"title":426,"stem":427},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch54-networktables\u002F1-coming-soon","NetworkTables — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch54-networktables\u002F54.1-coming-soon",{"path":429,"title":430,"stem":431},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch55-command-scheduler\u002F1-coming-soon","Command Scheduler — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch55-command-scheduler\u002F55.1-coming-soon",{"path":433,"title":434,"stem":435},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch56-wpilib-timers\u002F1-coming-soon","WPILib Timers — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch56-wpilib-timers\u002F56.1-coming-soon",{"path":437,"title":438,"stem":439},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch57-wpilib-triggers\u002F1-coming-soon","WPILib Triggers — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch57-wpilib-triggers\u002F57.1-coming-soon",{"path":441,"title":442,"stem":443},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch58-vendor-units-and-conversions\u002F1-coming-soon","Vendor Units & Conversions — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch58-vendor-units-and-conversions\u002F58.1-coming-soon",[445,449,453,457,461,465,469,473,477,481,485,489,493,497,501,505,509,513,517,521,525,529,533,537,541,545,549,553,557,561,565,569,573,577,581,585,589,593,597,601,605,609,613,617,621,625,629,633,637,641,645,649,653,657,661,665,669,673,677,681,685,689,693,697,701,705,709,713,717,721,725,729,733,737,741,745,749],{"path":446,"title":447,"stem":448},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch01-why-java-for-frc\u002F2-intro-to-algorithms-programming-and-compilers","Intro to Algorithms, Programming and Compilers — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch01-why-java-for-frc\u002F1.2-intro-to-algorithms-programming-and-compilers",{"path":450,"title":451,"stem":452},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F1-variables-and-data-types","Variables & Data Types — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F2.1-variables-and-data-types",{"path":454,"title":455,"stem":456},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F2-expressions-and-output","Expressions & Output — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F2.2-expressions-and-output",{"path":458,"title":459,"stem":460},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F3-assignment-and-input","Assignment & Input — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F2.3-assignment-and-input",{"path":462,"title":463,"stem":464},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F4-casting-and-ranges-of-values","Casting & Ranges of Values — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F2.4-casting-and-ranges-of-values",{"path":466,"title":467,"stem":468},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F5-compound-assignment-operators","Compound Assignment Operators — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F2.5-compound-assignment-operators",{"path":470,"title":471,"stem":472},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F1-apis-and-libraries","APIs and Libraries — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F3.1-apis-and-libraries",{"path":474,"title":475,"stem":476},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F2-documentation-with-comments-and-preconditions","Documentation with Comments and Preconditions — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F3.2-documentation-with-comments-and-preconditions",{"path":478,"title":479,"stem":480},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F3-packages-and-imports","Packages & Imports — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F3.3-packages-and-imports",{"path":482,"title":483,"stem":484},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F1-methods-signatures-and-parameters","Methods, Signatures & Parameters — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4.1-methods-signatures-and-parameters",{"path":486,"title":487,"stem":488},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F2-calling-class-methods","Calling Class Methods — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4.2-calling-class-methods",{"path":490,"title":491,"stem":492},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F3-using-the-math-class","Using the Math Class — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4.3-using-the-math-class",{"path":494,"title":495,"stem":496},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4-objects-instances-of-classes","Objects — Instances of Classes — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4.4-objects-instances-of-classes",{"path":498,"title":499,"stem":500},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F5-creating-and-initializing-objects-constructors","Creating & Initializing Objects: Constructors — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4.5-creating-and-initializing-objects-constructors",{"path":502,"title":503,"stem":504},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F6-calling-instance-methods","Calling Instance Methods — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4.6-calling-instance-methods",{"path":506,"title":507,"stem":508},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F1-5.2-if-statements-and-for-loops","if Statements & For Loops — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.1-5.2-if-statements-and-for-loops",{"path":510,"title":511,"stem":512},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F10-nested-iteration","Nested Iteration — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.10-nested-iteration",{"path":514,"title":515,"stem":516},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F11-informal-runtime-analysis-of-loops","Informal Runtime Analysis of Loops — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.11-informal-runtime-analysis-of-loops",{"path":518,"title":519,"stem":520},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F12-switch-statements-and-expressions","switch Statements and Expressions — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.12-switch-statements-and-expressions",{"path":522,"title":523,"stem":524},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F3-algorithms-with-selection-and-repetition","Algorithms with Selection and Repetition — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.3-algorithms-with-selection-and-repetition",{"path":526,"title":527,"stem":528},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F4-boolean-expressions","Boolean Expressions — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.4-boolean-expressions",{"path":530,"title":531,"stem":532},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5-nested-if-statements","Nested if Statements — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.5-nested-if-statements",{"path":534,"title":535,"stem":536},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F6-compound-boolean-expressions","Compound Boolean Expressions — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.6-compound-boolean-expressions",{"path":538,"title":539,"stem":540},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F7-comparing-boolean-expressions-de-morgans-laws","Comparing Boolean Expressions (De Morgan's Laws) — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.7-comparing-boolean-expressions-de-morgans-laws",{"path":542,"title":543,"stem":544},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F8-while-loops","While Loops — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.8-while-loops",{"path":546,"title":547,"stem":548},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F9-implementing-selection-and-iteration-algorithms","Implementing Selection and Iteration Algorithms — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.9-implementing-selection-and-iteration-algorithms",{"path":550,"title":551,"stem":552},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch06-strings\u002F1-strings","Strings — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch06-strings\u002F6.1-strings",{"path":554,"title":555,"stem":556},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch06-strings\u002F2-string-algorithms","String Algorithms — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch06-strings\u002F6.2-string-algorithms",{"path":558,"title":559,"stem":560},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F1-anatomy-of-a-java-class","Anatomy of a Java Class — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F7.1-anatomy-of-a-java-class",{"path":562,"title":563,"stem":564},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F2-methods-how-to-write-them","Methods: How to Write Them — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F7.2-methods-how-to-write-them",{"path":566,"title":567,"stem":568},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F3-methods-passing-and-returning-references-of-an-object","Methods: Passing & Returning References of an Object — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F7.3-methods-passing-and-returning-references-of-an-object",{"path":570,"title":571,"stem":572},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F4-class-static-variables-and-methods","Class (static) Variables & Methods — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F7.4-class-static-variables-and-methods",{"path":574,"title":575,"stem":576},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch08-constructors-and-this\u002F1-8.2-constructors-and-this","Constructors & \"this\" — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch08-constructors-and-this\u002F8.1-8.2-constructors-and-this",{"path":578,"title":579,"stem":580},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F1-array-creation-and-access","Array Creation and Access — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.1-array-creation-and-access",{"path":582,"title":583,"stem":584},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F2-arraylist-and-its-methods","ArrayList and its Methods — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.2-arraylist-and-its-methods",{"path":586,"title":587,"stem":588},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F3-optional-hashmap-dictionary-data-structure","HashMap (Dictionary) Data Structure — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.3-optional-hashmap-dictionary-data-structure",{"path":590,"title":591,"stem":592},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F4-array-traversals","Array Traversals — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.4-array-traversals",{"path":594,"title":595,"stem":596},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F5-implementing-array-algorithms","Implementing Array Algorithms — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.5-implementing-array-algorithms",{"path":598,"title":599,"stem":600},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F6-arraylist-traversals","ArrayList Traversals — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.6-arraylist-traversals",{"path":602,"title":603,"stem":604},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F7-implementing-arraylist-algorithms","Implementing ArrayList Algorithms — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.7-implementing-arraylist-algorithms",{"path":606,"title":607,"stem":608},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F8-using-text-files","Using Text Files — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.8-using-text-files",{"path":610,"title":611,"stem":612},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch10-2d-arrays\u002F1-2d-array-creation-and-access","2D Array Creation and Access — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch10-2d-arrays\u002F10.1-2d-array-creation-and-access",{"path":614,"title":615,"stem":616},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch10-2d-arrays\u002F2-2d-array-traversals-nested-loops","2D Array Traversals: Nested Loops — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch10-2d-arrays\u002F10.2-2d-array-traversals-nested-loops",{"path":618,"title":619,"stem":620},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch10-2d-arrays\u002F3-implementing-2d-array-algorithms","Implementing 2D Array Algorithms — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch10-2d-arrays\u002F10.3-implementing-2d-array-algorithms",{"path":622,"title":623,"stem":624},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch11-enums-named-choices\u002F11-enums-named-choices","Enums: Named Choices — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch11-enums-named-choices\u002F11-enums-named-choices",{"path":626,"title":627,"stem":628},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch12-exceptions-and-try-catch\u002F12-exceptions-and-try-catch","Exceptions & try\u002Fcatch — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch12-exceptions-and-try-catch\u002F12-exceptions-and-try-catch",{"path":630,"title":631,"stem":632},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch13-common-gotchas\u002F13-common-gotchas","Common Gotchas — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch13-common-gotchas\u002F13-common-gotchas",{"path":634,"title":635,"stem":636},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch15-advanced-collections\u002F15-advanced-collections","Advanced Collections (Set\u002FQueue\u002FMap) — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch15-advanced-collections\u002F15-advanced-collections",{"path":638,"title":639,"stem":640},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch16-writing-your-own-generics\u002F16-writing-your-own-generics","Writing Your Own Generics — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch16-writing-your-own-generics\u002F16-writing-your-own-generics",{"path":642,"title":643,"stem":644},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch17-inheritance-and-abstractions\u002F1-inheritance-superclass-subclass","Inheritance, Superclass, Subclass — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch17-inheritance-and-abstractions\u002F17.1-inheritance-superclass-subclass",{"path":646,"title":647,"stem":648},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch17-inheritance-and-abstractions\u002F2-inheritance-and-constructors","Inheritance and Constructors — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch17-inheritance-and-abstractions\u002F17.2-inheritance-and-constructors",{"path":650,"title":651,"stem":652},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch17-inheritance-and-abstractions\u002F3-inheritance-hierarchies","Inheritance Hierarchies — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch17-inheritance-and-abstractions\u002F17.3-inheritance-hierarchies",{"path":654,"title":655,"stem":656},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch17-inheritance-and-abstractions\u002F4-object-superclass","Object Superclass — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch17-inheritance-and-abstractions\u002F17.4-object-superclass",{"path":658,"title":659,"stem":660},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch17-inheritance-and-abstractions\u002F5-abstract-classes-and-methods","Abstract Classes and Methods — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch17-inheritance-and-abstractions\u002F17.5-abstract-classes-and-methods",{"path":662,"title":663,"stem":664},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch18-polymorphism-many-forms\u002F1-overriding-methods","Overriding Methods — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch18-polymorphism-many-forms\u002F18.1-overriding-methods",{"path":666,"title":667,"stem":668},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch18-polymorphism-many-forms\u002F2-super-keyword","super Keyword — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch18-polymorphism-many-forms\u002F18.2-super-keyword",{"path":670,"title":671,"stem":672},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch18-polymorphism-many-forms\u002F3-polymorphism","Polymorphism — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch18-polymorphism-many-forms\u002F18.3-polymorphism",{"path":674,"title":675,"stem":676},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch19-interfaces-as-contracts\u002F19-interfaces-as-contracts","Interfaces as Contracts — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch19-interfaces-as-contracts\u002F19-interfaces-as-contracts",{"path":678,"title":679,"stem":680},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch19-interfaces-as-contracts\u002F1-lambdas-and-method-references","Lambdas & Method References — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch19-interfaces-as-contracts\u002F19.1-lambdas-and-method-references",{"path":682,"title":683,"stem":684},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch20-the-io-layer-pattern\u002F20-the-io-layer-pattern","The IO-Layer Pattern — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch20-the-io-layer-pattern\u002F20-the-io-layer-pattern",{"path":686,"title":687,"stem":688},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch21-static-factories\u002F21-static-factories","Static Factories — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch21-static-factories\u002F21-static-factories",{"path":690,"title":691,"stem":692},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch22-the-builder-pattern\u002F22-the-builder-pattern","The Builder Pattern — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch22-the-builder-pattern\u002F22-the-builder-pattern",{"path":694,"title":695,"stem":696},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch23-encapsulation-and-final\u002F1-scope-and-access","Access, final, and Immutability — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch23-encapsulation-and-final\u002F23.1-scope-and-access",{"path":698,"title":699,"stem":700},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch24-optional-avoiding-null-pointer-exceptions\u002F24-optional-avoiding-null-pointer-exceptions","Optional: Avoiding Null Pointer Exceptions — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch24-optional-avoiding-null-pointer-exceptions\u002F24-optional-avoiding-null-pointer-exceptions",{"path":702,"title":703,"stem":704},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F1-what-is-command-based-programming","What Is Command-Based Programming? — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F25.1-what-is-command-based-programming",{"path":706,"title":707,"stem":708},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F2-commands-and-command-compositions","Commands & Command Compositions — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F25.2-commands-and-command-compositions",{"path":710,"title":711,"stem":712},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F3-the-command-scheduler","The Command Scheduler — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F25.3-the-command-scheduler",{"path":714,"title":715,"stem":716},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F4-state-machines-logic","State Machines: Logic — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F25.4-state-machines-logic",{"path":718,"title":719,"stem":720},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F5-managing-transitions","Managing Transitions — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F25.5-managing-transitions",{"path":722,"title":723,"stem":724},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F6-binding-commands-to-triggers","Binding Commands to Triggers — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F25.6-binding-commands-to-triggers",{"path":726,"title":727,"stem":728},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F7-structuring-a-command-based-robot-project","Structuring a Command-Based Robot Project — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F25.7-structuring-a-command-based-robot-project",{"path":730,"title":731,"stem":732},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch26-architecture-takeaways\u002F26-architecture-takeaways","Architecture Takeaways — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch26-architecture-takeaways\u002F26-architecture-takeaways",{"path":734,"title":735,"stem":736},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch27-program-design-and-abstraction\u002F1-abstraction-and-program-design","Abstraction and Program Design — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch27-program-design-and-abstraction\u002F27.1-abstraction-and-program-design",{"path":738,"title":739,"stem":740},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch28-algorithms-searching-sorting-recursion\u002F1-searching-algorithms","Searching Algorithms — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch28-algorithms-searching-sorting-recursion\u002F28.1-searching-algorithms",{"path":742,"title":743,"stem":744},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch28-algorithms-searching-sorting-recursion\u002F2-sorting-algorithms","Sorting Algorithms — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch28-algorithms-searching-sorting-recursion\u002F28.2-sorting-algorithms",{"path":746,"title":747,"stem":748},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch28-algorithms-searching-sorting-recursion\u002F3-recursion","Recursion — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch28-algorithms-searching-sorting-recursion\u002F28.3-recursion",{"path":750,"title":751,"stem":752},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch28-algorithms-searching-sorting-recursion\u002F4-recursive-searching-and-sorting","Recursive Searching and Sorting — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch28-algorithms-searching-sorting-recursion\u002F28.4-recursive-searching-and-sorting",[754,758,762,766,770,774,778,782,786,790,794,798,802,806,810,814,818,822,826,830,834,838,842,846,850,854,858,862,866,870,874,878,882,886,890,894,898,902,906,910,914,918,922,926,930,934,938,942,946,950,954,958,962,966,970,974,978,982,986,990,994,998,1002,1006,1010,1014,1018,1022,1026,1030,1034,1038,1042,1046,1050,1054,1058,1062,1066],{"path":755,"title":756,"stem":757},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch01-why-java-for-frc\u002F2-intro-to-algorithms-programming-and-compilers","Intro to Algorithms, Programming and Compilers — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch01-why-java-for-frc\u002F1.2-intro-to-algorithms-programming-and-compilers",{"path":759,"title":760,"stem":761},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F1-variables-and-data-types","Variables & Data Types — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F2.1-variables-and-data-types",{"path":763,"title":764,"stem":765},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F2-expressions-and-output","Expressions & Output — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F2.2-expressions-and-output",{"path":767,"title":768,"stem":769},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F3-assignment-and-input","Assignment & Input — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F2.3-assignment-and-input",{"path":771,"title":772,"stem":773},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F4-casting-and-ranges-of-values","Casting & Ranges of Values — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F2.4-casting-and-ranges-of-values",{"path":775,"title":776,"stem":777},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F5-compound-assignment-operators","Compound Assignment Operators — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F2.5-compound-assignment-operators",{"path":779,"title":780,"stem":781},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F1-apis-and-libraries","APIs and Libraries — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F3.1-apis-and-libraries",{"path":783,"title":784,"stem":785},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F2-documentation-with-comments-and-preconditions","Documentation with Comments and Preconditions — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F3.2-documentation-with-comments-and-preconditions",{"path":787,"title":788,"stem":789},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F3-packages-and-imports","Packages & Imports — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F3.3-packages-and-imports",{"path":791,"title":792,"stem":793},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F1-methods-signatures-and-parameters","Methods, Signatures & Parameters — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4.1-methods-signatures-and-parameters",{"path":795,"title":796,"stem":797},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F2-calling-class-methods","Calling Class Methods — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4.2-calling-class-methods",{"path":799,"title":800,"stem":801},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F3-using-the-math-class","Using the Math Class — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4.3-using-the-math-class",{"path":803,"title":804,"stem":805},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4-objects-instances-of-classes","Objects — Instances of Classes — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4.4-objects-instances-of-classes",{"path":807,"title":808,"stem":809},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F5-creating-and-initializing-objects-constructors","Creating & Initializing Objects: Constructors — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4.5-creating-and-initializing-objects-constructors",{"path":811,"title":812,"stem":813},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F6-calling-instance-methods","Calling Instance Methods — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4.6-calling-instance-methods",{"path":815,"title":816,"stem":817},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F1-5.2-if-statements-and-for-loops","if Statements & For Loops — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.1-5.2-if-statements-and-for-loops",{"path":819,"title":820,"stem":821},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F10-nested-iteration","Nested Iteration — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.10-nested-iteration",{"path":823,"title":824,"stem":825},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F11-informal-runtime-analysis-of-loops","Informal Runtime Analysis of Loops — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.11-informal-runtime-analysis-of-loops",{"path":827,"title":828,"stem":829},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F12-switch-statements-and-expressions","switch Statements and Expressions — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.12-switch-statements-and-expressions",{"path":831,"title":832,"stem":833},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F3-algorithms-with-selection-and-repetition","Algorithms with Selection and Repetition — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.3-algorithms-with-selection-and-repetition",{"path":835,"title":836,"stem":837},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F4-boolean-expressions","Boolean Expressions — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.4-boolean-expressions",{"path":839,"title":840,"stem":841},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5-nested-if-statements","Nested if Statements — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.5-nested-if-statements",{"path":843,"title":844,"stem":845},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F6-compound-boolean-expressions","Compound Boolean Expressions — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.6-compound-boolean-expressions",{"path":847,"title":848,"stem":849},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F7-comparing-boolean-expressions-de-morgans-laws","Comparing Boolean Expressions (De Morgan's Laws) — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.7-comparing-boolean-expressions-de-morgans-laws",{"path":851,"title":852,"stem":853},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F8-while-loops","While Loops — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.8-while-loops",{"path":855,"title":856,"stem":857},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F9-implementing-selection-and-iteration-algorithms","Implementing Selection and Iteration Algorithms — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.9-implementing-selection-and-iteration-algorithms",{"path":859,"title":860,"stem":861},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch06-strings\u002F1-strings","Strings — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch06-strings\u002F6.1-strings",{"path":863,"title":864,"stem":865},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch06-strings\u002F2-string-algorithms","String Algorithms — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch06-strings\u002F6.2-string-algorithms",{"path":867,"title":868,"stem":869},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F1-anatomy-of-a-java-class","Anatomy of a Java Class — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F7.1-anatomy-of-a-java-class",{"path":871,"title":872,"stem":873},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F2-methods-how-to-write-them","Methods: How to Write Them — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F7.2-methods-how-to-write-them",{"path":875,"title":876,"stem":877},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F3-methods-passing-and-returning-references-of-an-object","Methods: Passing & Returning References of an Object — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F7.3-methods-passing-and-returning-references-of-an-object",{"path":879,"title":880,"stem":881},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F4-class-static-variables-and-methods","Class (static) Variables & Methods — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F7.4-class-static-variables-and-methods",{"path":883,"title":884,"stem":885},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch08-constructors-and-this\u002F1-8.2-constructors-and-this","Constructors & \"this\" — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch08-constructors-and-this\u002F8.1-8.2-constructors-and-this",{"path":887,"title":888,"stem":889},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F1-array-creation-and-access","Array Creation and Access — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.1-array-creation-and-access",{"path":891,"title":892,"stem":893},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F2-arraylist-and-its-methods","ArrayList and its Methods — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.2-arraylist-and-its-methods",{"path":895,"title":896,"stem":897},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F3-optional-hashmap-dictionary-data-structure","HashMap (Dictionary) Data Structure — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.3-optional-hashmap-dictionary-data-structure",{"path":899,"title":900,"stem":901},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F4-array-traversals","Array Traversals — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.4-array-traversals",{"path":903,"title":904,"stem":905},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F5-implementing-array-algorithms","Implementing Array Algorithms — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.5-implementing-array-algorithms",{"path":907,"title":908,"stem":909},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F6-arraylist-traversals","ArrayList Traversals — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.6-arraylist-traversals",{"path":911,"title":912,"stem":913},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F7-implementing-arraylist-algorithms","Implementing ArrayList Algorithms — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.7-implementing-arraylist-algorithms",{"path":915,"title":916,"stem":917},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F8-using-text-files","Using Text Files — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.8-using-text-files",{"path":919,"title":920,"stem":921},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch10-2d-arrays\u002F1-2d-array-creation-and-access","2D Array Creation and Access — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch10-2d-arrays\u002F10.1-2d-array-creation-and-access",{"path":923,"title":924,"stem":925},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch10-2d-arrays\u002F2-2d-array-traversals-nested-loops","2D Array Traversals: Nested Loops — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch10-2d-arrays\u002F10.2-2d-array-traversals-nested-loops",{"path":927,"title":928,"stem":929},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch10-2d-arrays\u002F3-implementing-2d-array-algorithms","Implementing 2D Array Algorithms — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch10-2d-arrays\u002F10.3-implementing-2d-array-algorithms",{"path":931,"title":932,"stem":933},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch11-enums-named-choices\u002F11-enums-named-choices","Enums: Named Choices — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch11-enums-named-choices\u002F11-enums-named-choices",{"path":935,"title":936,"stem":937},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch12-exceptions-and-try-catch\u002F12-exceptions-and-try-catch","Exceptions & try\u002Fcatch — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch12-exceptions-and-try-catch\u002F12-exceptions-and-try-catch",{"path":939,"title":940,"stem":941},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch13-common-gotchas\u002F13-common-gotchas","Common Gotchas — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch13-common-gotchas\u002F13-common-gotchas",{"path":943,"title":944,"stem":945},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch14-why-design-patterns\u002F14-why-design-patterns","Why Design Patterns? — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch14-why-design-patterns\u002F14-why-design-patterns",{"path":947,"title":948,"stem":949},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch15-advanced-collections\u002F15-advanced-collections","Advanced Collections (Set\u002FQueue\u002FMap) — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch15-advanced-collections\u002F15-advanced-collections",{"path":951,"title":952,"stem":953},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch16-writing-your-own-generics\u002F16-writing-your-own-generics","Writing Your Own Generics — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch16-writing-your-own-generics\u002F16-writing-your-own-generics",{"path":955,"title":956,"stem":957},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch17-inheritance-and-abstractions\u002F1-inheritance-superclass-subclass","Inheritance, Superclass, Subclass — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch17-inheritance-and-abstractions\u002F17.1-inheritance-superclass-subclass",{"path":959,"title":960,"stem":961},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch17-inheritance-and-abstractions\u002F2-inheritance-and-constructors","Inheritance and Constructors — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch17-inheritance-and-abstractions\u002F17.2-inheritance-and-constructors",{"path":963,"title":964,"stem":965},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch17-inheritance-and-abstractions\u002F3-inheritance-hierarchies","Inheritance Hierarchies — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch17-inheritance-and-abstractions\u002F17.3-inheritance-hierarchies",{"path":967,"title":968,"stem":969},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch17-inheritance-and-abstractions\u002F4-object-superclass","Object Superclass — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch17-inheritance-and-abstractions\u002F17.4-object-superclass",{"path":971,"title":972,"stem":973},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch17-inheritance-and-abstractions\u002F5-abstract-classes-and-methods","Abstract Classes and Methods — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch17-inheritance-and-abstractions\u002F17.5-abstract-classes-and-methods",{"path":975,"title":976,"stem":977},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch18-polymorphism-many-forms\u002F1-overriding-methods","Overriding Methods — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch18-polymorphism-many-forms\u002F18.1-overriding-methods",{"path":979,"title":980,"stem":981},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch18-polymorphism-many-forms\u002F2-super-keyword","super Keyword — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch18-polymorphism-many-forms\u002F18.2-super-keyword",{"path":983,"title":984,"stem":985},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch18-polymorphism-many-forms\u002F3-polymorphism","Polymorphism — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch18-polymorphism-many-forms\u002F18.3-polymorphism",{"path":987,"title":988,"stem":989},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch19-interfaces-as-contracts\u002F19-interfaces-as-contracts","Interfaces as Contracts — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch19-interfaces-as-contracts\u002F19-interfaces-as-contracts",{"path":991,"title":992,"stem":993},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch19-interfaces-as-contracts\u002F1-lambdas-and-method-references","Lambdas & Method References — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch19-interfaces-as-contracts\u002F19.1-lambdas-and-method-references",{"path":995,"title":996,"stem":997},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch20-the-io-layer-pattern\u002F20-the-io-layer-pattern","The IO-Layer Pattern — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch20-the-io-layer-pattern\u002F20-the-io-layer-pattern",{"path":999,"title":1000,"stem":1001},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch21-static-factories\u002F21-static-factories","Static Factories — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch21-static-factories\u002F21-static-factories",{"path":1003,"title":1004,"stem":1005},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch22-the-builder-pattern\u002F22-the-builder-pattern","The Builder Pattern — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch22-the-builder-pattern\u002F22-the-builder-pattern",{"path":1007,"title":1008,"stem":1009},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch23-encapsulation-and-final\u002F1-scope-and-access","Access, final, and Immutability — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch23-encapsulation-and-final\u002F23.1-scope-and-access",{"path":1011,"title":1012,"stem":1013},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch24-optional-avoiding-null-pointer-exceptions\u002F24-optional-avoiding-null-pointer-exceptions","Optional: Avoiding Null Pointer Exceptions — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch24-optional-avoiding-null-pointer-exceptions\u002F24-optional-avoiding-null-pointer-exceptions",{"path":1015,"title":1016,"stem":1017},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F1-what-is-command-based-programming","What Is Command-Based Programming? — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F25.1-what-is-command-based-programming",{"path":1019,"title":1020,"stem":1021},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F2-commands-and-command-compositions","Commands & Command Compositions — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F25.2-commands-and-command-compositions",{"path":1023,"title":1024,"stem":1025},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F3-the-command-scheduler","The Command Scheduler — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F25.3-the-command-scheduler",{"path":1027,"title":1028,"stem":1029},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F4-state-machines-logic","State Machines: Logic — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F25.4-state-machines-logic",{"path":1031,"title":1032,"stem":1033},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F5-managing-transitions","Managing Transitions — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F25.5-managing-transitions",{"path":1035,"title":1036,"stem":1037},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F6-binding-commands-to-triggers","Binding Commands to Triggers — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F25.6-binding-commands-to-triggers",{"path":1039,"title":1040,"stem":1041},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F7-structuring-a-command-based-robot-project","Structuring a Command-Based Robot Project — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F25.7-structuring-a-command-based-robot-project",{"path":1043,"title":1044,"stem":1045},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch26-architecture-takeaways\u002F26-architecture-takeaways","Architecture Takeaways — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch26-architecture-takeaways\u002F26-architecture-takeaways",{"path":1047,"title":1048,"stem":1049},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch27-program-design-and-abstraction\u002F1-abstraction-and-program-design","Abstraction and Program Design — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch27-program-design-and-abstraction\u002F27.1-abstraction-and-program-design",{"path":1051,"title":1052,"stem":1053},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch27-program-design-and-abstraction\u002F2-impact-of-program-design","Impact of Program Design — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch27-program-design-and-abstraction\u002F27.2-impact-of-program-design",{"path":1055,"title":1056,"stem":1057},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch28-algorithms-searching-sorting-recursion\u002F1-searching-algorithms","Searching Algorithms — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch28-algorithms-searching-sorting-recursion\u002F28.1-searching-algorithms",{"path":1059,"title":1060,"stem":1061},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch28-algorithms-searching-sorting-recursion\u002F2-sorting-algorithms","Sorting Algorithms — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch28-algorithms-searching-sorting-recursion\u002F28.2-sorting-algorithms",{"path":1063,"title":1064,"stem":1065},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch28-algorithms-searching-sorting-recursion\u002F3-recursion","Recursion — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch28-algorithms-searching-sorting-recursion\u002F28.3-recursion",{"path":1067,"title":1068,"stem":1069},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch28-algorithms-searching-sorting-recursion\u002F4-recursive-searching-and-sorting","Recursive Searching and Sorting — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch28-algorithms-searching-sorting-recursion\u002F28.4-recursive-searching-and-sorting",{"id":1071,"title":38,"body":1072,"description":1090,"extension":1531,"meta":1532,"navigation":1535,"path":37,"seo":1536,"stem":39,"__hash__":1537},"lessons\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F3.2-documentation-with-comments-and-preconditions.md",{"type":1073,"value":1074,"toc":1522},"minimark",[1075,1079,1084,1120,1124,1149,1153,1164,1167,1216,1227,1249,1253,1256,1298,1319,1330,1334,1348,1416,1426,1430,1433,1437,1463,1467,1507,1518],[1076,1077,38],"h1",{"id":1078},"documentation-with-comments-and-preconditions",[1080,1081,1083],"h2",{"id":1082},"three-kinds-of-comments","Three Kinds of Comments",[1085,1086,1091],"pre",{"className":1087,"code":1088,"language":1089,"meta":1090,"style":1090},"language-java shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark","\u002F\u002F single-line comment\n\u002F* multi-line\n   comment *\u002F\n\u002F** a documentation comment — describes a class or method for other programmers *\u002F\n","java","",[1092,1093,1094,1102,1108,1114],"code",{"__ignoreMap":1090},[1095,1096,1099],"span",{"class":1097,"line":1098},"line",1,[1095,1100,1101],{},"\u002F\u002F single-line comment\n",[1095,1103,1105],{"class":1097,"line":1104},2,[1095,1106,1107],{},"\u002F* multi-line\n",[1095,1109,1111],{"class":1097,"line":1110},3,[1095,1112,1113],{},"   comment *\u002F\n",[1095,1115,1117],{"class":1097,"line":1116},4,[1095,1118,1119],{},"\u002F** a documentation comment — describes a class or method for other programmers *\u002F\n",[1121,1122,1123],"p",{},"The compiler ignores all three completely — they exist for whoever reads the code next, including future-you.",[1121,1125,1126,1130,1131,1134,1135,1137,1138,1141,1142,1144,1145,1148],{},[1127,1128,1129],"strong",{},"Java 25 note:"," Java 23 added a fourth style, ",[1092,1132,1133],{},"\u002F\u002F\u002F"," Markdown documentation comments, where every line of the comment starts with ",[1092,1136,1133],{},". This course uses ",[1092,1139,1140],{},"\u002F** *\u002F",", which works on every Java version — on Java 17, a ",[1092,1143,1133],{}," line is just an ordinary ",[1092,1146,1147],{},"\u002F\u002F"," comment.",[1080,1150,1152],{"id":1151},"preconditions-and-postconditions","Preconditions and Postconditions",[1121,1154,1155,1156,1159,1160,1163],{},"A ",[1127,1157,1158],{},"precondition"," is what has to be true before a method is called for it to work correctly. A ",[1127,1161,1162],{},"postcondition"," is what's guaranteed true after it runs.",[1121,1165,1166],{},"The method below takes a parameter, which Lesson 4.1 covers properly — for now, just look at the comment above it:",[1085,1168,1170],{"className":1087,"code":1169,"language":1089,"meta":1090,"style":1090},"\u002F**\n * Spins the shooter up toward a target speed.\n * Precondition: targetRPM is between 0 and the motor's max RPM.\n * Postcondition: the motor ramps toward targetRPM.\n *\n * @param targetRPM the speed to spin up to\n *\u002F\npublic void spinUpTo(double targetRPM) { ... }\n",[1092,1171,1172,1177,1182,1187,1192,1198,1204,1210],{"__ignoreMap":1090},[1095,1173,1174],{"class":1097,"line":1098},[1095,1175,1176],{},"\u002F**\n",[1095,1178,1179],{"class":1097,"line":1104},[1095,1180,1181],{}," * Spins the shooter up toward a target speed.\n",[1095,1183,1184],{"class":1097,"line":1110},[1095,1185,1186],{}," * Precondition: targetRPM is between 0 and the motor's max RPM.\n",[1095,1188,1189],{"class":1097,"line":1116},[1095,1190,1191],{}," * Postcondition: the motor ramps toward targetRPM.\n",[1095,1193,1195],{"class":1097,"line":1194},5,[1095,1196,1197],{}," *\n",[1095,1199,1201],{"class":1097,"line":1200},6,[1095,1202,1203],{}," * @param targetRPM the speed to spin up to\n",[1095,1205,1207],{"class":1097,"line":1206},7,[1095,1208,1209],{}," *\u002F\n",[1095,1211,1213],{"class":1097,"line":1212},8,[1095,1214,1215],{},"public void spinUpTo(double targetRPM) { ... }\n",[1121,1217,1218,1219,1222,1223,1226],{},"A documentation comment starts with a plain description — here, what the method does plus its precondition and postcondition — and ends with its ",[1127,1220,1221],{},"tags",". ",[1092,1224,1225],{},"@param"," describes one parameter. Keep the tags last: everything after a tag is treated as part of that tag's description.",[1121,1228,1229,1230,1233,1234,1237,1238,1241,1242,1245,1246,1248],{},"Java doesn't enforce preconditions automatically — nothing stops you from calling ",[1092,1231,1232],{},"spinUpTo(-500)",". A precondition is a documented expectation, not a guarantee the method checks it. A real library shows the same effect: ",[1092,1235,1236],{},"Math.sqrt(-4)"," (Java's ",[1092,1239,1240],{},"Math"," class is Lesson 4.3) doesn't crash — its documentation says a negative input gives ",[1092,1243,1244],{},"NaN"," (\"not a number\"). If your code needed a real distance, ",[1092,1247,1244],{}," is a silent wrong answer, not an error.",[1080,1250,1252],{"id":1251},"more-documentation-tags","More Documentation Tags",[1121,1254,1255],{},"Two more tags show up constantly in library documentation:",[1085,1257,1259],{"className":1087,"code":1258,"language":1089,"meta":1090,"style":1090},"\u002F**\n * Converts a battery voltage into an approximate charge percentage.\n *\n * @param volts the measured battery voltage\n * @return the charge, from 0 to 100\n * @throws IllegalArgumentException if volts is negative\n *\u002F\npublic static double batteryPercent(double volts) { ... }\n",[1092,1260,1261,1265,1270,1274,1279,1284,1289,1293],{"__ignoreMap":1090},[1095,1262,1263],{"class":1097,"line":1098},[1095,1264,1176],{},[1095,1266,1267],{"class":1097,"line":1104},[1095,1268,1269],{}," * Converts a battery voltage into an approximate charge percentage.\n",[1095,1271,1272],{"class":1097,"line":1110},[1095,1273,1197],{},[1095,1275,1276],{"class":1097,"line":1116},[1095,1277,1278],{}," * @param volts the measured battery voltage\n",[1095,1280,1281],{"class":1097,"line":1194},[1095,1282,1283],{}," * @return the charge, from 0 to 100\n",[1095,1285,1286],{"class":1097,"line":1200},[1095,1287,1288],{}," * @throws IllegalArgumentException if volts is negative\n",[1095,1290,1291],{"class":1097,"line":1206},[1095,1292,1209],{},[1095,1294,1295],{"class":1097,"line":1212},[1095,1296,1297],{},"public static double batteryPercent(double volts) { ... }\n",[1299,1300,1301,1308],"ul",{},[1302,1303,1304,1307],"li",{},[1092,1305,1306],{},"@return"," describes the value the method hands back (return values are Lesson 4.2).",[1302,1309,1310,1313,1314,1318],{},[1092,1311,1312],{},"@throws"," names an error (an ",[1315,1316,1317],"em",{},"exception",") the method can throw, and when it happens (exceptions are Ch.12).",[1121,1320,1321,1322,1325,1326,1329],{},"Your IDE reads these comments too: hover over a call to ",[1092,1323,1324],{},"batteryPercent"," and it shows the description and tags. The ",[1092,1327,1328],{},"javadoc"," tool turns the same comments into web pages — which is exactly how a library's API pages are made.",[1080,1331,1333],{"id":1332},"reading-an-api-page","Reading an API Page",[1121,1335,1336,1337,1339,1340,1343,1344,1347],{},"WPILib's API pages are generated from its own ",[1092,1338,1140],{}," comments. The 2027 pages are at ",[1092,1341,1342],{},"github.wpilib.org\u002Fallwpilib\u002Fdocs\u002Fbeta\u002Fjava\u002F"," — search there for a class by name. The page for WPILib's ",[1092,1345,1346],{},"Timer"," class shows, top to bottom:",[1299,1349,1350,1367,1373,1386,1404],{},[1302,1351,1352,1355,1356,1359,1360,1362,1363,1366],{},[1127,1353,1354],{},"Package and class"," — ",[1092,1357,1358],{},"org.wpilib.system",", class ",[1092,1361,1346],{},". The package tells you what to ",[1092,1364,1365],{},"import"," (Lesson 3.3).",[1302,1368,1369,1372],{},[1127,1370,1371],{},"Class description"," — \"A timer class.\"",[1302,1374,1375,1355,1378,1381,1382,1385],{},[1127,1376,1377],{},"Constructor Summary",[1092,1379,1380],{},"Timer()",": how to build one with ",[1092,1383,1384],{},"new",", and what it needs (no arguments).",[1302,1387,1388,1391,1392,1395,1396,1399,1400,1403],{},[1127,1389,1390],{},"Method Summary"," — one row per method: its return type, its name and parameters, and a one-line description. ",[1092,1393,1394],{},"double get()"," — \"Get the current time from the timer.\" ",[1092,1397,1398],{},"void start()"," — \"Start the timer running.\" ",[1092,1401,1402],{},"boolean hasElapsed(double seconds)"," — \"Check if the period specified has passed.\"",[1302,1405,1406,1409,1410,1412,1413,1415],{},[1127,1407,1408],{},"Method Details"," — the full comment for each method, including its ",[1092,1411,1225],{}," and ",[1092,1414,1306],{}," text.",[1121,1417,1418,1419,1421,1422,1425],{},"The row ",[1092,1420,1394],{}," tells you everything you need to call it: no arguments, and it hands back a ",[1092,1423,1424],{},"double"," — the timer's elapsed time in seconds.",[1080,1427,1429],{"id":1428},"why-bother-documenting-this","Why Bother Documenting This",[1121,1431,1432],{},"Once you write a method, other people (including future-you, and your whole team) will call it without reading its implementation. Documenting preconditions and postconditions is how they know what's safe to pass in and what to expect back — without documentation, the only way to find out is to read the method's full source or guess.",[1080,1434,1436],{"id":1435},"common-pitfalls","Common Pitfalls",[1299,1438,1439,1448,1454],{},[1302,1440,1441,1444,1445,1447],{},[1127,1442,1443],{},"Assuming a precondition is enforced."," Documenting a precondition doesn't make Java check it — passing a bad value can still silently produce a wrong result (like ",[1092,1446,1244],{},") instead of an error.",[1302,1449,1450,1453],{},[1127,1451,1452],{},"Skipping documentation on methods other people will call."," The cost of a two-line comment is much smaller than the cost of a teammate guessing wrong about what a method expects.",[1302,1455,1456,1459,1460,1462],{},[1127,1457,1458],{},"Putting description text after the tags."," Anything written after ",[1092,1461,1225],{}," becomes part of that parameter's description — write the description first, then the tags.",[1080,1464,1466],{"id":1465},"key-takeaways","Key Takeaways",[1299,1468,1469,1484,1487,1490,1504],{},[1302,1470,1471,1473,1474,1477,1478,1480,1481,1483],{},[1092,1472,1147],{},", ",[1092,1475,1476],{},"\u002F* *\u002F",", and ",[1092,1479,1140],{}," are the three comment styles; the compiler ignores all of them. (Java 23+ also allows ",[1092,1482,1133],{}," documentation comments.)",[1302,1485,1486],{},"A precondition is what must be true before a method is called; a postcondition is what's guaranteed true after it returns.",[1302,1488,1489],{},"Preconditions are documented expectations, not automatically enforced — violating one can produce a wrong result without an error.",[1302,1491,1155,1492,1494,1495,1497,1498,1500,1501,1503],{},[1092,1493,1140],{}," comment starts with its description, then its tags: ",[1092,1496,1225],{}," for each parameter, ",[1092,1499,1306],{}," for the returned value, ",[1092,1502,1312],{}," for errors.",[1302,1505,1506],{},"An API page lists a class's package, constructors, and methods (return type, name, parameters, description) — all generated from comments like these.",[1121,1508,1509,1510,1513,1514,1517],{},"Derived from ",[1092,1511,1512],{},"csawesome-2026",": ",[1092,1515,1516],{},"unit-1-using-objects-and-methods\u002F1.08-documentation-with-comments-and-preconditions.md"," (CSA 1.8)",[1519,1520,1521],"style",{},"html .default .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-default);background: var(--shiki-default-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-default-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-default-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-default-text-decoration);}html .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-default);background: var(--shiki-default-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-default-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-default-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-default-text-decoration);}html .dark .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-dark);background: var(--shiki-dark-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-dark-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-dark-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-dark-text-decoration);}html.dark .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-dark);background: var(--shiki-dark-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-dark-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-dark-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-dark-text-decoration);}",{"title":1090,"searchDepth":1104,"depth":1104,"links":1523},[1524,1525,1526,1527,1528,1529,1530],{"id":1082,"depth":1104,"text":1083},{"id":1151,"depth":1104,"text":1152},{"id":1251,"depth":1104,"text":1252},{"id":1332,"depth":1104,"text":1333},{"id":1428,"depth":1104,"text":1429},{"id":1435,"depth":1104,"text":1436},{"id":1465,"depth":1104,"text":1466},"md",{"outlineRef":1533,"status":1534},"3.2 — Documentation with Comments and Preconditions (CSA 1.8)","new — authored lesson (fuller depth than the teaser slide)",true,{"title":38,"description":1090},"suuSX1denMImlKHQ0jzzvOPc2AVPIxmnCBNXLeDZJiI",{"id":1539,"title":475,"body":1540,"description":1090,"extension":1531,"meta":1972,"navigation":1535,"path":474,"seo":1975,"stem":476,"__hash__":1976},"examples\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F3.2-documentation-with-comments-and-preconditions.md",{"type":1073,"value":1541,"toc":1961},[1542,1545,1549,1556,1560,1585,1592,1596,1613,1617,1628,1632,1695,1710,1714,1841,1862,1881,1885,1900,1926,1930,1935,1939,1959],[1076,1543,475],{"id":1544},"documentation-with-comments-and-preconditions-worked-example",[1080,1546,1548],{"id":1547},"problem","Problem",[1121,1550,1551,1552,1555],{},"Write a method your teammates can call to scale a joystick value (normally between -1.0 and 1.0) down to 75% power, for rookie drivers practicing on the drivetrain. Document it so a teammate knows what's safe to pass in without reading the method body — then show what happens if someone ignores the documentation. (Writing your own methods with parameters and ",[1092,1553,1554],{},"return"," is covered fully in Lessons 4.1–4.2; this example focuses on the documentation.)",[1080,1557,1559],{"id":1558},"step-1-write-the-method-first","Step 1: Write the Method First",[1085,1561,1563],{"className":1087,"code":1562,"language":1089,"meta":1090,"style":1090},"public static double scaleForRookie(double joystickValue)\n{\n    return joystickValue * 0.75;\n}\n",[1092,1564,1565,1570,1575,1580],{"__ignoreMap":1090},[1095,1566,1567],{"class":1097,"line":1098},[1095,1568,1569],{},"public static double scaleForRookie(double joystickValue)\n",[1095,1571,1572],{"class":1097,"line":1104},[1095,1573,1574],{},"{\n",[1095,1576,1577],{"class":1097,"line":1110},[1095,1578,1579],{},"    return joystickValue * 0.75;\n",[1095,1581,1582],{"class":1097,"line":1116},[1095,1583,1584],{},"}\n",[1121,1586,1587,1588,1591],{},"No documentation yet — just the behavior: multiply whatever comes in by ",[1092,1589,1590],{},"0.75",".",[1080,1593,1595],{"id":1594},"step-2-decide-the-precondition","Step 2: Decide the Precondition",[1121,1597,1598,1599,1602,1603,1412,1606,1609,1610,1612],{},"For this method to do what it promises, ",[1092,1600,1601],{},"joystickValue"," has to already be a real joystick reading: between ",[1092,1604,1605],{},"-1.0",[1092,1607,1608],{},"1.0",". That's the ",[1127,1611,1158],{}," — what has to be true before the method is called.",[1080,1614,1616],{"id":1615},"step-3-decide-the-postcondition","Step 3: Decide the Postcondition",[1121,1618,1619,1620,1412,1623,1609,1625,1627],{},"If the precondition holds, the method guarantees its result is between ",[1092,1621,1622],{},"-0.75",[1092,1624,1590],{},[1127,1626,1162],{}," — what's guaranteed true after the method runs.",[1080,1629,1631],{"id":1630},"step-4-write-the-documentation-comment","Step 4: Write the Documentation Comment",[1085,1633,1635],{"className":1087,"code":1634,"language":1089,"meta":1090,"style":1090},"\u002F**\n * Scales a joystick value down to 75% power for rookie practice.\n * Precondition: joystickValue is between -1.0 and 1.0.\n * Postcondition: the result is between -0.75 and 0.75.\n *\n * @param joystickValue the raw joystick input\n * @return joystickValue scaled to 75% power\n *\u002F\npublic static double scaleForRookie(double joystickValue)\n{\n    return joystickValue * 0.75;  \u002F\u002F scale down for rookie practice mode\n}\n",[1092,1636,1637,1641,1646,1651,1656,1660,1665,1670,1674,1679,1684,1690],{"__ignoreMap":1090},[1095,1638,1639],{"class":1097,"line":1098},[1095,1640,1176],{},[1095,1642,1643],{"class":1097,"line":1104},[1095,1644,1645],{}," * Scales a joystick value down to 75% power for rookie practice.\n",[1095,1647,1648],{"class":1097,"line":1110},[1095,1649,1650],{}," * Precondition: joystickValue is between -1.0 and 1.0.\n",[1095,1652,1653],{"class":1097,"line":1116},[1095,1654,1655],{}," * Postcondition: the result is between -0.75 and 0.75.\n",[1095,1657,1658],{"class":1097,"line":1194},[1095,1659,1197],{},[1095,1661,1662],{"class":1097,"line":1200},[1095,1663,1664],{}," * @param joystickValue the raw joystick input\n",[1095,1666,1667],{"class":1097,"line":1206},[1095,1668,1669],{}," * @return joystickValue scaled to 75% power\n",[1095,1671,1672],{"class":1097,"line":1212},[1095,1673,1209],{},[1095,1675,1677],{"class":1097,"line":1676},9,[1095,1678,1569],{},[1095,1680,1682],{"class":1097,"line":1681},10,[1095,1683,1574],{},[1095,1685,1687],{"class":1097,"line":1686},11,[1095,1688,1689],{},"    return joystickValue * 0.75;  \u002F\u002F scale down for rookie practice mode\n",[1095,1691,1693],{"class":1097,"line":1692},12,[1095,1694,1584],{},[1121,1696,1697,1698,1701,1702,1412,1704,1706,1707,1709],{},"The ",[1092,1699,1700],{},"\u002F** ... *\u002F"," block is a documentation comment — it describes the method for other programmers. The description (including the precondition and postcondition) comes first; the ",[1092,1703,1225],{},[1092,1705,1306],{}," tags come last, since anything written after a tag counts as part of that tag. The ",[1092,1708,1147],{}," on the return line is a single-line comment, just a quick note next to the code it explains. Both are ignored completely by the compiler.",[1080,1711,1713],{"id":1712},"step-5-put-it-in-a-file","Step 5: Put It in a File",[1085,1715,1717],{"className":1087,"code":1716,"language":1089,"meta":1090,"style":1090},"\u002F* RookieMode.java\n   Scales joystick input down for rookie drivers practicing on the drivetrain. *\u002F\npublic class RookieMode\n{\n    public static void main(String[] args)\n    {\n        double scaled = scaleForRookie(0.5);\n        System.out.println(scaled);\n    }\n\n    \u002F**\n     * Scales a joystick value down to 75% power for rookie practice.\n     * Precondition: joystickValue is between -1.0 and 1.0.\n     * Postcondition: the result is between -0.75 and 0.75.\n     *\n     * @param joystickValue the raw joystick input\n     * @return joystickValue scaled to 75% power\n     *\u002F\n    public static double scaleForRookie(double joystickValue)\n    {\n        return joystickValue * 0.75;  \u002F\u002F scale down for rookie practice mode\n    }\n}\n",[1092,1718,1719,1724,1729,1734,1738,1743,1748,1753,1758,1763,1768,1773,1778,1784,1790,1796,1802,1808,1814,1820,1825,1831,1836],{"__ignoreMap":1090},[1095,1720,1721],{"class":1097,"line":1098},[1095,1722,1723],{},"\u002F* RookieMode.java\n",[1095,1725,1726],{"class":1097,"line":1104},[1095,1727,1728],{},"   Scales joystick input down for rookie drivers practicing on the drivetrain. *\u002F\n",[1095,1730,1731],{"class":1097,"line":1110},[1095,1732,1733],{},"public class RookieMode\n",[1095,1735,1736],{"class":1097,"line":1116},[1095,1737,1574],{},[1095,1739,1740],{"class":1097,"line":1194},[1095,1741,1742],{},"    public static void main(String[] args)\n",[1095,1744,1745],{"class":1097,"line":1200},[1095,1746,1747],{},"    {\n",[1095,1749,1750],{"class":1097,"line":1206},[1095,1751,1752],{},"        double scaled = scaleForRookie(0.5);\n",[1095,1754,1755],{"class":1097,"line":1212},[1095,1756,1757],{},"        System.out.println(scaled);\n",[1095,1759,1760],{"class":1097,"line":1676},[1095,1761,1762],{},"    }\n",[1095,1764,1765],{"class":1097,"line":1681},[1095,1766,1767],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":1535},"\n",[1095,1769,1770],{"class":1097,"line":1686},[1095,1771,1772],{},"    \u002F**\n",[1095,1774,1775],{"class":1097,"line":1692},[1095,1776,1777],{},"     * Scales a joystick value down to 75% power for rookie practice.\n",[1095,1779,1781],{"class":1097,"line":1780},13,[1095,1782,1783],{},"     * Precondition: joystickValue is between -1.0 and 1.0.\n",[1095,1785,1787],{"class":1097,"line":1786},14,[1095,1788,1789],{},"     * Postcondition: the result is between -0.75 and 0.75.\n",[1095,1791,1793],{"class":1097,"line":1792},15,[1095,1794,1795],{},"     *\n",[1095,1797,1799],{"class":1097,"line":1798},16,[1095,1800,1801],{},"     * @param joystickValue the raw joystick input\n",[1095,1803,1805],{"class":1097,"line":1804},17,[1095,1806,1807],{},"     * @return joystickValue scaled to 75% power\n",[1095,1809,1811],{"class":1097,"line":1810},18,[1095,1812,1813],{},"     *\u002F\n",[1095,1815,1817],{"class":1097,"line":1816},19,[1095,1818,1819],{},"    public static double scaleForRookie(double joystickValue)\n",[1095,1821,1823],{"class":1097,"line":1822},20,[1095,1824,1747],{},[1095,1826,1828],{"class":1097,"line":1827},21,[1095,1829,1830],{},"        return joystickValue * 0.75;  \u002F\u002F scale down for rookie practice mode\n",[1095,1832,1834],{"class":1097,"line":1833},22,[1095,1835,1762],{},[1095,1837,1839],{"class":1097,"line":1838},23,[1095,1840,1584],{},[1121,1842,1697,1843,1846,1847,1849,1850,1852,1853,1855,1856,1477,1859,1861],{},[1092,1844,1845],{},"\u002F* ... *\u002F"," block above the class is a plain multi-line comment — good for a longer file-level note that isn't documenting one specific method the way ",[1092,1848,1140],{}," does. This program now uses all three comment styles: ",[1092,1851,1476],{}," for the file-level note, ",[1092,1854,1140],{}," for documenting ",[1092,1857,1858],{},"scaleForRookie",[1092,1860,1147],{}," for the short inline note on its return line.",[1121,1863,1864,1867,1868,1871,1872,1875,1876,1878,1879,1591],{},[1092,1865,1866],{},"0.5"," satisfies the precondition, so the postcondition holds too: ",[1092,1869,1870],{},"scaled"," prints ",[1092,1873,1874],{},"0.375",", safely inside ",[1092,1877,1622],{}," to ",[1092,1880,1590],{},[1080,1882,1884],{"id":1883},"step-6-call-it-with-a-value-that-breaks-the-precondition","Step 6: Call It With a Value That Breaks the Precondition",[1085,1886,1888],{"className":1087,"code":1887,"language":1089,"meta":1090,"style":1090},"double broken = scaleForRookie(5.0);\nSystem.out.println(broken);\n",[1092,1889,1890,1895],{"__ignoreMap":1090},[1095,1891,1892],{"class":1097,"line":1098},[1095,1893,1894],{},"double broken = scaleForRookie(5.0);\n",[1095,1896,1897],{"class":1097,"line":1104},[1095,1898,1899],{},"System.out.println(broken);\n",[1121,1901,1902,1905,1906,1908,1909,1871,1912,1915,1916,1878,1918,1920,1921,1923,1924,1591],{},[1092,1903,1904],{},"5.0"," isn't a real joystick value — it violates the precondition. Java doesn't stop this call or throw any kind of error. ",[1092,1907,1858],{}," just does the multiplication anyway: ",[1092,1910,1911],{},"broken",[1092,1913,1914],{},"3.75",", which breaks the postcondition it promised (",[1092,1917,1622],{},[1092,1919,1590],{},"). Nothing crashed; the method silently returned a wrong-by-contract answer, the same way ",[1092,1922,1236],{}," silently returns ",[1092,1925,1244],{},[1080,1927,1929],{"id":1928},"why-this-matters-here","Why This Matters Here",[1121,1931,1932,1934],{},[1092,1933,1858],{}," never checks its input — nothing in Java forces it to. The documentation comment is the only place a teammate can learn \"don't pass anything outside -1.0 to 1.0\" without reading the method's one-line body. Skipping that comment doesn't break the method; it just means the next person has to guess, or find out the hard way.",[1080,1936,1938],{"id":1937},"recap","Recap",[1299,1940,1941,1950,1952],{},[1302,1942,1943,1473,1945,1477,1947,1949],{},[1092,1944,1147],{},[1092,1946,1476],{},[1092,1948,1140],{}," are the three comment styles; the compiler ignores all of them.",[1302,1951,1486],{},[1302,1953,1954,1955,1958],{},"Preconditions are documented expectations, not automatically enforced — violating one can produce a wrong result without an error, as ",[1092,1956,1957],{},"scaleForRookie(5.0)"," shows.",[1519,1960,1521],{},{"title":1090,"searchDepth":1104,"depth":1104,"links":1962},[1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971],{"id":1547,"depth":1104,"text":1548},{"id":1558,"depth":1104,"text":1559},{"id":1594,"depth":1104,"text":1595},{"id":1615,"depth":1104,"text":1616},{"id":1630,"depth":1104,"text":1631},{"id":1712,"depth":1104,"text":1713},{"id":1883,"depth":1104,"text":1884},{"id":1928,"depth":1104,"text":1929},{"id":1937,"depth":1104,"text":1938},{"outlineRef":1533,"pairsWith":1973,"status":1974},"[`lessons\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F3.2-documentation-with-comments-and-preconditions.md`](..\u002F..\u002Flessons\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F3.2-documentation-with-comments-and-preconditions.md)","new — authored worked example (fully solved, walked step by step — not a problem to attempt)",{"title":475,"description":1090},"IoNoPLNWgdYN6Uy846xqWbwCEj6-GUaOX05GBx3wOlo",{"id":1978,"title":784,"body":1979,"description":1090,"extension":1531,"meta":2313,"navigation":1535,"path":783,"seo":2315,"stem":785,"__hash__":2316},"exercises\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F3.2-documentation-with-comments-and-preconditions.md",{"type":1073,"value":1980,"toc":2309},[1981,1984,1988,2002,2007,2025,2031,2041,2052,2056,2073,2076,2148,2153,2159,2217,2307],[1076,1982,784],{"id":1983},"documentation-with-comments-and-preconditions-exercises",[1080,1985,1987],{"id":1986},"multiple-choice","Multiple Choice",[1121,1989,1990,1993,1994,1997,1998,2001],{},[1127,1991,1992],{},"Question:"," A method's documentation says ",[1092,1995,1996],{},"Precondition: batteryVoltage is greater than 0",". A teammate calls it with ",[1092,1999,2000],{},"batteryVoltage = -12.0",". What happens when the program runs?",[1121,2003,2004],{},[1127,2005,2006],{},"Options:",[1299,2008,2009,2012,2015,2018],{},[1302,2010,2011],{},"A. The method runs anyway and may return an incorrect result — Java does not check preconditions automatically.",[1302,2013,2014],{},"B. The compiler refuses to compile the program because the precondition is violated.",[1302,2016,2017],{},"C. The program throws a runtime exception naming the violated precondition.",[1302,2019,2020,2021,2024],{},"D. Java automatically substitutes ",[1092,2022,2023],{},"0"," for the negative value before running the method.",[1121,2026,2027,2030],{},[1127,2028,2029],{},"Answer:"," A",[1121,2032,2033,2036,2037,2040],{},[1127,2034,2035],{},"Why:"," A precondition is a documented expectation, not something Java enforces on its own. Nothing about calling the method with ",[1092,2038,2039],{},"-12.0"," stops the program — it just runs the method's code as written, which may now produce a result that breaks the postcondition it promised.",[1299,2042,2043,2046,2049],{},[1302,2044,2045],{},"B is wrong — the compiler doesn't read documentation comments for meaning at all; it ignores every comment completely, precondition or not.",[1302,2047,2048],{},"C is wrong — no exception is thrown unless the method's own code explicitly checks the value and throws one, which isn't described here.",[1302,2050,2051],{},"D is wrong — Java never substitutes or \"fixes\" a bad argument on its own; the value passed in is used exactly as given.",[1080,2053,2055],{"id":2054},"micro-parsons","Micro-Parsons",[1121,2057,2058,2061,2062,2065,2066,2069,2070,2072],{},[1127,2059,2060],{},"Problem:"," These lines, once correctly ordered, form a complete program that documents and calls a method converting a raw sensor reading (0–1023) into a percentage (0–100), then prints the result. Put ",[1092,2063,2064],{},"main"," first and the documented ",[1092,2067,2068],{},"rawToPercent"," method below it. (Writing methods with parameters and ",[1092,2071,1554],{}," is covered fully in Lessons 4.1–4.2 — here, focus on where the documentation comment goes.)",[1121,2074,2075],{},"Reorder the fragments below into a working program:",[1299,2077,2078,2084,2090,2096,2102,2108,2114,2120,2126,2131,2136,2142],{},[1302,2079,2080,2081],{},"a. ",[1092,2082,2083],{},"    \u002F** Precondition: rawValue is between 0 and 1023. Postcondition: returns a percentage between 0 and 100. *\u002F",[1302,2085,2086,2087],{},"b. ",[1092,2088,2089],{},"    {",[1302,2091,2092,2093],{},"c. ",[1092,2094,2095],{},"        return rawValue \u002F 1023.0 * 100;",[1302,2097,2098,2099],{},"d. ",[1092,2100,2101],{},"public class SensorScale",[1302,2103,2104,2105],{},"e. ",[1092,2106,2107],{},"        System.out.println(rawToPercent(512));",[1302,2109,2110,2111],{},"f. ",[1092,2112,2113],{},"    }",[1302,2115,2116,2117],{},"g. ",[1092,2118,2119],{},"    public static void main(String[] args)",[1302,2121,2122,2123],{},"h. ",[1092,2124,2125],{},"    public static double rawToPercent(int rawValue)",[1302,2127,2128,2129],{},"i. ",[1092,2130,2113],{},[1302,2132,2133,2134],{},"j. ",[1092,2135,2089],{},[1302,2137,2138,2139],{},"k. ",[1092,2140,2141],{},"{",[1302,2143,2144,2145],{},"l. ",[1092,2146,2147],{},"}",[1121,2149,2150,2152],{},[1127,2151,2029],{}," d, k, g, b, e, f, a, h, j, c, i, l",[1121,2154,2155,2158],{},[1127,2156,2157],{},"Interchangeable:"," (b, j) (f, i)",[1085,2160,2162],{"className":1087,"code":2161,"language":1089,"meta":1090,"style":1090},"public class SensorScale\n{\n    public static void main(String[] args)\n    {\n        System.out.println(rawToPercent(512));\n    }\n    \u002F** Precondition: rawValue is between 0 and 1023. Postcondition: returns a percentage between 0 and 100. *\u002F\n    public static double rawToPercent(int rawValue)\n    {\n        return rawValue \u002F 1023.0 * 100;\n    }\n}\n",[1092,2163,2164,2169,2173,2177,2181,2186,2190,2195,2200,2204,2209,2213],{"__ignoreMap":1090},[1095,2165,2166],{"class":1097,"line":1098},[1095,2167,2168],{},"public class SensorScale\n",[1095,2170,2171],{"class":1097,"line":1104},[1095,2172,1574],{},[1095,2174,2175],{"class":1097,"line":1110},[1095,2176,1742],{},[1095,2178,2179],{"class":1097,"line":1116},[1095,2180,1747],{},[1095,2182,2183],{"class":1097,"line":1194},[1095,2184,2185],{},"        System.out.println(rawToPercent(512));\n",[1095,2187,2188],{"class":1097,"line":1200},[1095,2189,1762],{},[1095,2191,2192],{"class":1097,"line":1206},[1095,2193,2194],{},"    \u002F** Precondition: rawValue is between 0 and 1023. Postcondition: returns a percentage between 0 and 100. *\u002F\n",[1095,2196,2197],{"class":1097,"line":1212},[1095,2198,2199],{},"    public static double rawToPercent(int rawValue)\n",[1095,2201,2202],{"class":1097,"line":1676},[1095,2203,1747],{},[1095,2205,2206],{"class":1097,"line":1681},[1095,2207,2208],{},"        return rawValue \u002F 1023.0 * 100;\n",[1095,2210,2211],{"class":1097,"line":1686},[1095,2212,1762],{},[1095,2214,2215],{"class":1097,"line":1692},[1095,2216,1584],{},[1121,2218,2219,2222,2223,2226,2227,2230,2231,2233,2234,2237,2238,2241,2242,2244,2245,2248,2249,2251,2252,2254,2255,2258,2259,2262,2263,2265,2266,2268,2269,2272,2273,2276,2277,2279,2280,2283,2284,2287,2288,2291,2292,2294,2295,1473,2297,2299,2300,2294,2302,1473,2304,2306],{},[1127,2220,2221],{},"Why this order:"," The class declaration (",[1092,2224,2225],{},"d",") has to come first, with its opening brace (",[1092,2228,2229],{},"k",") right after. ",[1092,2232,2064],{}," (",[1092,2235,2236],{},"g",") is the entry point, declared next as the problem asks, followed by its own opening brace (",[1092,2239,2240],{},"b","). Inside ",[1092,2243,2064],{},", the only statement (",[1092,2246,2247],{},"e",") calls ",[1092,2250,2068],{}," and prints whatever it returns, then ",[1092,2253,2064],{},"'s body closes (",[1092,2256,2257],{},"f","). The documentation comment (",[1092,2260,2261],{},"a",") has to sit directly above the method it describes — not above ",[1092,2264,2064],{}," — because that's what ties a ",[1092,2267,1140],{}," comment to the code it documents. The method's signature (",[1092,2270,2271],{},"h",") and its opening brace (",[1092,2274,2275],{},"j",") follow the comment, its ",[1092,2278,1554],{}," statement (",[1092,2281,2282],{},"c",") is the only line in its body, then the method's body closes (",[1092,2285,2286],{},"i",") before the class's body closes last (",[1092,2289,2290],{},"l","). The two ",[1092,2293,2089],{}," fragments (",[1092,2296,2240],{},[1092,2298,2275],{},") are identical text, as are the two ",[1092,2301,2113],{},[1092,2303,2257],{},[1092,2305,2286],{},"), so either one of each pair can go in either spot.",[1519,2308,1521],{},{"title":1090,"searchDepth":1104,"depth":1104,"links":2310},[2311,2312],{"id":1986,"depth":1104,"text":1987},{"id":2054,"depth":1104,"text":2055},{"outlineRef":1533,"pairsWith":1973,"status":2314},"new — authored exercises (Multiple Choice + Micro-Parsons)",{"title":784,"description":1090},"gyF4_TQYpT4PdpesQa7kooL8x_TlG3YZ5YZV5jveiRc",1792718164812]